Passive Voice

 

Passive: A discrepancy in the bank balance was detected by auditors.

Active: Auditors detected a discrepancy in the bank balance.

 

Passive: In the April issue your article will be published by us.

Active: In the April issue we will publish your article.

 

Passive: The CEO was informed by the vice president that the merger fell through.

Active: The vice president informed the CEO that the merger fell through.

 

When writers use passive voice, they create awkward prose and powerless, stilted sentences with weakened verbs.*

 

What is passive voice?

Voice refers to the form of the verb. The subject acts when you use the active voice verb form. In the passive voice, the person or thing performing the action becomes instead the object of the sentence; it does not act, but is acted upon by the verb.

 

Active: He photographed the homeless teens.

Passive: The homeless teens were photographed by him.

Passive: Photographs were taken of the homeless teens.

 

Active Construction

who         did what                        to whom

 

Passive construction

who         had what done to it       by whom

 

Problems with passive:

1.           Passive voice tends to dilute the verb of its power

2.           Passive voice can make a sentence unnecessarily awkward

3.           Passive voice creates false formality

4.           Passive voice may intentionally or accidentally obscure who or what is responsible for an action

 

Problems with structure, clarity and credibility.

 

*(Lauren Kessler and Duncan McDonald. “When Words Collide: A Media Writer’s Guide to Grammar and Style.” Boston: Wadsworth, 2012.)